Genetics is the branch of biology that deals with heredity and variation in organisms. Inheritance is the process through which genetic traits are passed from parents to offspring. Each individual inherits two copies of each gene, one from each parent, which can determine traits like eye color, blood type, and susceptibility to diseases.
Modern genetics, which includes the study of DNA and genes, has led to incredible advances in medicine, agriculture, and forensic science. The field of inheritance also explains the role of dominant and recessive genes, genetic disorders, and the significance of genetic mutations in evolution.